C程序替换扩展的ASCII并在cli上测试/打印它们

I currently have following code to lookup/replace (via a lookup list which is actually a char array of char arrays) extended ASCII characters. The replacing itself seems to work fine (although any tips for improvement, always welcome) but when using it on the cli (Ubuntu 15.04) , I get weird symbols back. Now, I'm a bit confused if this because my C code is not good enough or my terminal does not "know" how to print certain characters?I currently have following code to lookup/repla