在应用程序架构中，具体继承的主要竞争设计模式是什么？

Occasionally I'll come across comments about inheritance going "out of style" in enterprise application architecture, but I haven't come across a link to an article describing a competing theory. Also, is there a difference in implementation if the application is already built as opposed to starting from scratch? I gather this might have something to do with relying heavily on interfaces instead, but I'm not sure.Occasionally I'll come across comments about in