输入数据文件类型的选项?

I am working on a project that collects and analyzes moderately complex engineering data. Many people will be creating the data, but only a few actually performing analysis. A goal is to have this input data be in "documents" that are authored by the experts and machine readable, so there is no translation between the authors and the analysis. (This has been a source of error with current methods.) I have been struggling with how best to achieve this.I am working on a project that collects and ana