内存寻址和堆栈对齐 - 我理解正确吗？

I am trying to dig a bit deeper into memory allocation, addressing and I also run into the concept of stack alignment, and in general, memory alignment. I would like to understand if I got correctly all the concepts. My questions are all referred to nowdays computers and processors such as the one we have on our laptops. I wish to underline that I read lots of other questions on stackoverflow, and most of my actual knowledge come from them. I am trying to dig a bit deeper into memory all