Object-C 基础学习笔记(基本类型、集合)

//
//  Created by Potter on 14/11/13.
//  Copyright (c) 2014年 Potter. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "Student.h"

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    NSLog(@"------------------基本数据类型定义--------------------");
    //基本类型定义
    int i =10;
    short s = 1;
    float f = 1.34f;
    double d = 2.23112;
    NSString* str = @"string";
    
    //连接字符串
    NSString* newStr = [str stringByAppendingString:@"dfg"];
    
    NSLog(@"i=%i,s=%hi,f=%f,d=%f,str=%@,newStr=%@",i,s,f,d,str,newStr);
    
    NSLog(@"-------------------集合类型定义---------------------");
    
    NSLog(@"-------------------C数组定义---------------------");
    //集合类型定义
    int iarray[8]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8};
    for(int i=0;i<sizeof(iarray)/sizeof(int);i++)
    {
        printf("i=%i,",iarray[i]);
    }
    NSLog(@"iarraySize=%lu,intSize=%lu",sizeof(iarray),sizeof(int));
    
    NSLog(@"-------------------【NSArray】不可变数组类---------------------");
    
    //1.【NSArray】不可变数组类---相当数组
    NSArray* days = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Mondy",@"Tue",@"Wed",@"Thu",@"Fri",@"Sat",@"Sun",nil];
    NSArray* days1 = @[@"one",@"two"];
    NSArray* days2 = [NSArray new];
    NSLog(@"days count=%lu",(unsigned long)[days count]);
    
    //第一种for循环-遍历
    for(int i=0;i<[days count];i++)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@,",[days objectAtIndex:i]);
    }
    NSLog(@"----------------------------------------");
    
    //第二种for循环-遍历
    for(id day in days1)
    {
        NSLog(@"%@",day);
    }
    
    NSLog(@"------------------【NSMutableArray】可变数组类----------------------");
    //2.【NSMutableArray】可变数组类---相当list,vector
    NSMutableArray* mutableArry = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:1];//只是默认了初始容量，尺寸大小会随数量增加而变大的
    NSMutableArray* mutableArry2 =[[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithCapacity:3];
    NSMutableArray* mutableArry3 = [NSMutableArray new];
    //增加元素
    [mutableArry addObject:@"item1"];
    [mutableArry addObject:@"item2"];
    [mutableArry addObject:@"item3"];
    
    //正常输出元素
    for(id item in mutableArry)
    {
        NSLog(@"item=%@",item);
    }
    
    NSLog(@"mutableArray Size=%lu",[mutableArry count]);
    
    //替换元素
    [mutableArry replaceObjectAtIndex:0 withObject:@"replace1 item1"];
    mutableArry[1] =@"replace2 item2";
    
    //移除最后一个元素
    [mutableArry removeLastObject];
    
    for(id item in mutableArry)
    {
        NSLog(@"item=%@",item);
        NSLog(@"item=%@",item);
    }
    NSLog(@"------------------【NSDictionary】不可变字典----------------------");
    //3.【NSDictionary】不可变字典NSDictionary---相当map
    NSDictionary *dictionay = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"value1", @"key1", @"value2", @"key2", nil];
    id value = [dictionay objectForKey:@"key1"];
    NSLog(@"key1 => %@", value);
    
    NSLog(@"------------------【NSMutableDictionary】可变字典----------------------");
    //3.【NSMutableDictionary】可变字典NSDictionary---相当map
    NSMutableDictionary *mulDictionary = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:3];
    NSMutableDictionary* mutableDictionary= [NSMutableDictionary new];
    //添加元素
    [mutableDictionary setValue:@"value1" forKey:@"key1"];
    [mutableDictionary setObject:@"value2" forKey:@"key2"];
    
    NSArray* dictionaryKeys1 = [mutableDictionary allKeys];
    for(id key in mutableDictionary)
    {
        NSLog(@"key=>%@,value=%@",key,[mutableDictionary objectForKey:key]);
    }
    //替换元素
    [mutableDictionary setObject:@"replace value2" forKey:@"key2"];
    
    NSLog(@"----------------------------------------");
    for(id key in mutableDictionary)
    {
        NSLog(@"key=>%@,value=%@",key,[mutableDictionary objectForKey:key]);
    }
    
    //删除
    NSLog(@"----------------------------------------");
    dictionaryKeys1 = [mutableDictionary allKeys];
    [mutableDictionary removeObjectForKey:@"key1"];
    for(id key in mutableDictionary)
    {
        NSLog(@"key=>%@,value=%@",key,[mutableDictionary objectForKey:key]);
    }

    return 0;
}//
//  Created by Potter on 14/11/13.
//  Co