Introduction to boundary integral equations in BEM

Boundary element method (BEM) is an effective tool compared to finite element method (FEM) for resolving those electromagnetic field problems including open domain and/or complex models with geometric details, especially those having large dimensional scale difference. Its basic idea is to construct the solution of a partial differential equation (PDE), like the 2nd order Laplace equation, by using a representation formula derived from the Green's 2nd identity. By approaching this representation formula to the domain boundary with some presumption on potential continuity, boundary integral equation can be obtained. This article explains how this equation is derived and introduces four integral operators thereof.Boundary element method (BEM) is an effecti