一、膨胀腐蚀学习笔记

二、代码及结果分享

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

//定义腐蚀函数
void myErode(Mat Src, Mat Tem, Mat Dst)
{
	int m = (Tem.rows - 1) / 2;
	int n = (Tem.cols - 1) / 2;
	for (int i = m; i < Src.rows - m; i++)//i、j的范围保证结构元始终在扩展后的图像内部
	{
		for (int j = n; j < Src.cols - n; j++)
		{
			Mat SrcROI = Src(Rect(j - m, i - n, Tem.cols, Tem.rows));
			double sum = 0;
			sum = SrcROI.dot(Tem);//矩阵对应位置相乘后求和
			if (sum == 9)//结构元的9个元素均为1，和为9才能保证结构元完全包含于相应集合
				Dst.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;
			else
				Dst.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;
		}
	}
}

//定义膨胀函数
void myDilate(Mat Src, Mat Tem, Mat Dst)
{
	int m = (Tem.rows - 1) / 2;
	int n = (Tem.cols - 1) / 2;
	for (int i = m; i < Src.rows - m; i++)//i、j的范围保证结构元始终在扩展后的图像内部
	{
		for (int j = n; j < Src.cols - n; j++)
		{
			Mat SrcROI = Src(Rect(j - m, i - n, Tem.cols, Tem.rows));
			double sum = 0;
			sum = SrcROI.dot(Tem);//矩阵对应位置相乘后求和
			if (sum != 0)//结构元的9个元素均为1，只要和不为0，就能说明结构元与相应集合有交集
				Dst.at<uchar>(i, j) = 255;
			else
				Dst.at<uchar>(i, j) = 0;
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
	Mat mImage = imread("dada.jpg", 0);
	if (mImage.data == 0)
	{
		cerr << "Image reading error !" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("The original image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("The original image", mImage);

	//设置阈值将图像二值化
	const int binThreshold = 80;
	for (int i = 0; i < mImage.rows; i++)
	{
		uchar* pImage = mImage.ptr<uchar>(i);
		for (int j = 0; j < mImage.cols; j++)
		{
			if (pImage[j] > binThreshold)//事实上应将灰度值大于阈值的赋值为255，但为了方便后续膨胀腐蚀的计算，在这里将其赋值为1
				pImage[j]= 1;
			else
				pImage[j] = 0;
		}
	}

	//定义并初始化结构元
	Mat mTemplate(3, 3, CV_8UC1, Scalar(1));
	if (mTemplate.rows * mTemplate.cols % 2 == 0)
	{
		cerr << "The size doesn't meet the requirement !" << endl;
		system("pause");
		return -1;
	}
	
	//扩展图像边界
	copyMakeBorder(mImage, mImage, mTemplate.rows, mTemplate.rows, mTemplate.cols, mTemplate.cols, BORDER_CONSTANT, Scalar(0));

	//进行图像腐蚀
	Mat mEResult = mImage.clone();
	myErode(mImage, mTemplate, mEResult);

	//进行图像膨胀
	Mat mDResult = mImage.clone();
	myDilate(mImage, mTemplate, mDResult);

	//进行显示
	namedWindow("The eroding image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("The eroding image", mEResult);
	namedWindow("The dilating image", WINDOW_NORMAL);
	imshow("The dilating image", mDResult);
	waitKey();
	destroyAllWindows();

	return 0;
}#include <opencv2/o